✨ 精选课程 · 第4课，共8课 · 60 sec
委派秘诀：绝不委派你能EAT的事情
Delegation Cheat Code: Never Delegate What You EAT
👥 三个字母能解决考试中大多数委派问题。把它们留给自己，然后将其他每一项任务与患者的稳定性和你交托之人的能力范围相匹配。
👥 Three letters sort most delegation questions on the exam. Keep them for yourself, then match every other task to the stability of the client and the scope of the person you hand it to.
💡 核心要点
RN保留Evaluate（评价）、Assess（评估）、Teach（教学）、判断和不稳定患者。UAP：稳定患者的ADLs和生命体征。LPN：稳定的、可预测的、大多数药物（通常不做IV推注）、强化教学。
RN keeps Evaluate, Assess, Teach, judgment and the unstable. UAP: ADLs and vitals on stable clients. LPN: stable, predictable, most meds (usually no IV push), reinforcing.
🧠 为什么重要
RN绝不委派她能EAT的事情：EVALUATE（评价）、ASSESS（评估）、TEACH（教学）。再加上护理判断和任何涉及不稳定患者的事情，这就是RN的清单。无执照辅助人员为稳定患者做常规的、可预测的任务：个人卫生、喂食、行走、翻身、摄入量和排出量，以及稳定患者的生命体征，然后报告他们发现的情况。LPN为预后可预测的稳定患者提供护理，给予大多数药物（IV推注药物和开始输血通常被州法律或机构政策排除），更换无菌敷料，并强化RN已经给予的教学。决定因素是患者的稳定性以及被委派者的执业范围和能力，而不是任务的简单程度。
The RN never delegates what she can EAT: EVALUATE, ASSESS, TEACH. Add nursing judgment and anything involving an unstable client, and that is the RN's list. Unlicensed assistive personnel do routine, predictable tasks for stable clients: hygiene, feeding, walking, turning, intake and output, and vital signs on stable clients, then they report what they found. LPNs care for stable clients with predictable outcomes, give most medications (IV push medications and starting blood transfusions are usually excluded by state law or facility policy), change sterile dressings and reinforce teaching the RN already gave. Client stability, together with the delegatee's scope of practice and competence, decides, not the simplicity of the task.
🏥 真实场景
📋 “为新入院的胸痛患者测生命体征”对不稳定患者来说是一项简单的任务，所以它留给RN。“带Lee先生去洗手间”对稳定患者来说是一项简单的任务，所以它交给UAP。任务没有变；变的是患者。
📋 'Take vital signs on the new chest-pain admission' is a simple task for an unstable client, so it stays with the RN. 'Walk Mr. Lee to the bathroom' is a simple task for a stable client, so it goes to the UAP. The task did not change; the client did.
📌 要点总结
- 绝不委派Evaluate、Assess、TeachNever delegate Evaluate, Assess, Teach
- UAP：稳定患者、常规任务、报告发现UAP: stable clients, routine tasks, reports findings
- LPN：稳定且可预测；强化教学，不做初步教学LPN: stable and predictable; reinforces teaching, does not do initial teaching
📖 本课术语
EAT（RN绝不委派的内容） (EAT (what the RN never delegates)): Evaluate（评价）、Assess（评估）、Teach（教学）：RN保留的内容，连同判断和病情不稳定的患者；LPN收集数据并强化教学，辅助人员测量并报告常规数据。
✅ 自我测试
RN可以将哪项任务委派给无执照辅助人员？Which task can the RN delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel?
- 评估一位刚从手术回来的患者Assessing a client who just returned from surgery
- 评价患者对新止痛药的反应Evaluating a client's response to a new pain medication
- 协助一位稳定患者淋浴Assisting a stable client with a shower
- 教患者如何自行注射胰岛素Teaching a client how to self-inject insulin
答案: C · 协助一位稳定患者淋浴
为稳定患者做个人卫生是常规且可预测的；其他三项分别是评价、教学和评估。评价患者对新止痛药的反应需要RN的判断，不能委派给无执照辅助人员。
Hygiene for a stable client is routine and predictable; the other three are evaluation, teaching and assessment. Evaluating a client's response to a new pain medication requires RN judgment and cannot be delegated to unlicensed assistive personnel.
哪位患者最适合分派给LPN？Which client is most appropriate to assign to an LPN?
- 一位30分钟前因呼吸急促入院的患者A client admitted 30 minutes ago with shortness of breath
- 一位血压在这一小时内下降了40点的患者A client whose blood pressure has fallen 40 points this hour
- 一位糖尿病稳定、使用预定口服药物的患者A client with stable diabetes on scheduled oral medications
- 一位需要接受新造口初步教育的患者A client who needs the initial education about a new ostomy
答案: C · 一位糖尿病稳定、使用预定口服药物的患者
LPN为预后可预测的稳定患者提供护理；其他患者要么不稳定，要么需要RN的初步评估或教学。一位需要接受新造口初步教育的患者需要RN教学，不是LPN的合适分派对象。
LPNs care for stable clients with predictable outcomes; the others are unstable or require initial RN assessment or teaching. A client who needs the initial education about a new ostomy requires RN teaching and is not an appropriate assignment for an LPN.
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