Siy Vital Pedyatrik ak Kalkil Dezidratasyon

🧠 Poukisa sa enpòtan

Siy vital pedyatrik yo pi rapid lè timoun nan pi jenn: tibebe yo anviwon 100 a 160 batman ak 30 a 60 respirasyon pa minit, ti timoun yo 90 a 140 ak 24 a 40, timoun preskolè yo 80 a 120 ak 22 a 34, timoun laj lekòl yo 75 a 120 ak 18 a 30, epi adolesan yo pwoche chif granmoun yo. Timoun yo konpanse byen, kidonk TAKIKADI se yon siy pwoblèm ki bonè epi IPOTANSYON se yon siy ki ta epi ki bay move siy. Evalye DEZIDRATASYON dapre PÈT PWA: lejè 3 a 5%, modere 6 a 9%, grav 10% oswa plis, ansanm ak fontanèl ak je ki fon, manbràn mikez ki sèk, pa gen dlo nan je, elastisite po a ki diminye, ranplisaj kapilè ki depase 2 segonn, letaji, ak pipi ki anba 1 mL/kg/hr oswa mwens pase 6 kouchèt mouye pa jou kay yon tibebe. Dezidratasyon lejè ak modere trete ak SOLISYON REYIDRATASYON ORAL an ti kantite souvan (anviwon 50 a 100 mL/kg sou 4 èdtan); evite dlo plenn, ji, soda ak bwason espòtif, ki gen move melanj sik ak elektwolit. Dezidratasyon grav oswa enkapasite pou kenbe likid mande yon bolus IV izotonik 20 mL/kg. Yo ankouraje remanje bonè ak yon rejim nòmal depi timoun nan reyidrate. Tibebe yo dezidrate pi vit pase granmoun akoz yon pousantaj dlo nan kò ki pi wo, ren ki pa matirite ak yon to metabolik ki pi wo.

Pediatric vital signs run faster when younger: infants about 100 to 160 beats and 30 to 60 breaths per minute, toddlers 90 to 140 and 24 to 40, preschoolers 80 to 120 and 22 to 34, school-age 75 to 120 and 18 to 30, adolescents approaching adult ranges. Children compensate well, so TACHYCARDIA is an early sign of trouble and HYPOTENSION is a late, ominous one. Assess DEHYDRATION by WEIGHT LOSS: mild 3 to 5%, moderate 6 to 9%, severe 10% or more, plus sunken fontanel and eyes, dry mucous membranes, absent tears, decreased skin turgor, capillary refill over 2 seconds, lethargy, and urine output below 1 mL/kg/hr or fewer than 6 wet diapers a day in an infant. Mild to moderate dehydration is treated with ORAL REHYDRATION SOLUTION in small frequent amounts (about 50 to 100 mL/kg over 4 hours); avoid plain water, juice, soda and sports drinks, which are the wrong mix of sugar and electrolytes. Severe dehydration or inability to keep fluids down requires an isotonic IV bolus of 20 mL/kg. Early refeeding with a normal diet is encouraged once rehydrated. Infants dehydrate faster than adults because of a higher body water percentage, immature kidneys and a higher metabolic rate.

🏥 Nan lavi reyèl

🍼 Yon manman bay tibebe 8 mwa li a ki ap vomi ji pòm ak dlo paske 'li bezwen likid'. Tibebe a vin pi mal. Enfimyè a montre kijan pou bay solisyon reyidratasyon oral ak ti kiyè chak kèk minit, li rete nan vant li, epi li konte kouchèt mouye yo. Nan aswè fontanèl la plat epi tibebe a ap fè dlo nan je. Bon likid la nan bon kantite yo se tout entèvansyon an.

🍼 A mother gives her vomiting 8-month-old apple juice and water because 'he needs fluids'. The infant worsens. The nurse teaches oral rehydration solution by teaspoon every few minutes, which stays down, and counts wet diapers. By evening the fontanel is flat and the baby is making tears. The right fluid in the right amounts is the whole intervention.

📌 Sa pou retni

• Takikadi bonè; ipotansyon ta kay timounTachycardia is early; hypotension is late in children
• Pèt pwa: 3–5% lejè, 6–9% modere, 10%+ gravWeight loss: 3–5% mild, 6–9% moderate, 10%+ severe
• ORS an ti gòje souvan; ka grav yo jwenn yon bolus izotonik 20 mL/kgORS in small frequent sips; severe gets a 20 mL/kg isotonic bolus

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