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Valè Laboratwa Ou Dwe Resite nan Dòmi Ou

The Lab Values You Must Recite in Your Sleep

🧪 Anpil kesyon bay yon valè laboratwa san okenn entèval nòmal bò kote li, epi menm lè yon dokiman ka a montre youn, konnen entèval la pa kè fè ou ekonomize tan. Men sa yo ki deside plis kesyon.

🧪 Many questions give a lab value with no normal range beside it, and even when a case exhibit shows one, knowing the range cold saves time. Here are the ones that decide the most questions.

💡 Ide prensipal

Konnen yo pa kè. Chak kesyon ki gen yon chif sipoze ou konnen yo.

Know these cold. Every question that includes a number assumes you do.

🧠 Poukisa sa enpòtan

Sodyòm 135 rive 145 mEq/L. Potasyòm 3.5 rive 5.0 mEq/L. Kalsyòm (total) 9 rive 10.5 mg/dL. Manyezyòm 1.5 rive 2.5 mEq/L. Glikoz 70 rive 99 mg/dL a jeun. BUN 10 rive 20 mg/dL. Kreyatinin 0.6 rive 1.2 mg/dL. Emoglobin 12 rive 16 g/dL fanm, 14 rive 18 g/dL gason. Plakèt 150,000 rive 400,000/mm3. Globil blan 5,000 rive 10,000/mm3. INR 2 rive 3 sou warfarin pou pifò endikasyon (pi wo pou kèk valv mekanik); aPTT 1.5 rive 2.5 fwa kontwòl sou heparin. Digoxin 0.5 rive 2.0 ng/mL. Lithium 0.6 rive 1.2 mEq/L. Phenytoin 10 rive 20 mcg/mL. A1c anba 7% pou pifò adilt ki gen dyabèt; pH 7.35 rive 7.45, PaCO2 35 rive 45 mm Hg, HCO3 22 rive 26 mEq/L.

Sodium 135 to 145 mEq/L. Potassium 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L. Calcium (total) 9 to 10.5 mg/dL. Magnesium 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L. Glucose 70 to 99 mg/dL fasting. BUN 10 to 20 mg/dL. Creatinine 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL. Hemoglobin 12 to 16 g/dL women, 14 to 18 g/dL men. Platelets 150,000 to 400,000/mm3. White cells 5,000 to 10,000/mm3. INR 2 to 3 on warfarin for most indications (higher for some mechanical valves). aPTT 1.5 to 2.5 times control on heparin. Digoxin 0.5 to 2.0 ng/mL. Lithium 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L. Phenytoin 10 to 20 mcg/mL. A1c under 7% for most adults with diabetes. pH 7.35 to 7.45, PaCO2 35 to 45 mm Hg, HCO3 22 to 26 mEq/L.

🏥 Nan lavi reyèl

📝 Ekri yo sou yon kat endèks. Li li nan chak limyè wouj pandan yon semèn. Jou egzamen an, yon kesyon di 'potassium 3.1' epi sèvo ou di 'ba, siveye onn U ak digoxin' anvan ou fini fraz la. Reflèks sa a vo plis pase nenpòt estrateji.

📝 Write them on an index card. Read it at every red light for a week. On exam day, a question says 'potassium 3.1' and your brain says 'low, watch for U waves and digoxin' before you finish the sentence. That reflex is worth more than any strategy.

📌 Sa pou retni

  • Elektwolit: Na 135–145, K 3.5–5.0, Ca 9–10.5, Mg 1.5–2.5Electrolytes: Na 135–145, K 3.5–5.0, Ca 9–10.5, Mg 1.5–2.5
  • Ren: BUN 10–20, kreyatinin 0.6–1.2; san: Hgb 12–16 (fanm), 14–18 (gason), plakèt 150–400k, WBC 5–10kKidney: BUN 10–20, creatinine 0.6–1.2; blood: Hgb 12–16 (women), 14–18 (men), platelets 150–400k, WBC 5–10k
  • Medikaman: digoxin 0.5–2.0, lithium 0.6–1.2, phenytoin 10–20; INR 2–3 sou warfarinDrugs: digoxin 0.5–2.0, lithium 0.6–1.2, phenytoin 10–20; INR 2–3 on warfarin

✅ Teste tèt ou

Ki valè ki andeyò entèval nòmal la?Which value is outside the normal range?
  1. Potasyòm 5.8 mEq/LPotassium 5.8 mEq/L
  2. Sodyòm 140 mEq/LSodium 140 mEq/L
  3. Kalsyòm 9.6 mg/dLCalcium 9.6 mg/dL
  4. Manyezyòm 2.0 mEq/LMagnesium 2.0 mEq/L

Repons: A · Potasyòm 5.8 mEq/L

Potasyòm anwo 5.0 se ipèkalemi; lòt valè yo nòmal. Nivo manyezyòm yo ofri kòm altènatif la nan entèval nòmal la epi li pa valè anòmal kesyon an mande a.

Potassium above 5.0 is hyperkalemia; the other values are normal. The magnesium level offered as the alternative is within the normal range and is not the abnormal value the question asks for.

Yon pasyan k ap pran lithium gen yon nivo 1.9 mEq/L. Kijan enfimyè a ta dwe entèprete sa?A client taking lithium has a level of 1.9 mEq/L. How should the nurse interpret this?
  1. Anba entèval terapetik laBelow the therapeutic range
  2. Anwo entèval terapetik laAbove the therapeutic range
  3. TerapetikTherapeutic
  4. Nan entèval terapetik mani egi aWithin the acute-mania therapeutic range

Repons: B · Anwo entèval terapetik la

Entèval antretyen an se 0.6 rive 1.2 mEq/L, epi yo trete mani egi jiska anviwon 1.5. Yon nivo 1.9 toksik, kidonk kenbe dòz la, avèti founisè a, epi evalye tranbleman grosye, vomisman, dyare, ataksi ak konfizyon.

The maintenance range is 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L, and acute mania is treated up to about 1.5. A level of 1.9 is toxic, so hold the dose, notify the provider, and assess for coarse tremor, vomiting, diarrhea, ataxia and confusion.

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